Question
Reference number: 628333 | Prayers | Dec. 7, 2020
What shall students who study in non-Muslim countries where the Friday Prayer is not performed do?
Answer
Praise Be to Allah and Peace Be Upon His Messenger.
Referring to your question, I would like to note that the Friday Prayer is an individual duty upon every sane, male, mature (who reaches puberty), and resident Muslim. It cannot be left unless one is excused.
Shaikh Muhammad Ahmad Hussain, the General Mufti (Muslim Legal Scholar), in the Palestinian Legal Verdict Council, was once asked by some students the following question: “We are fifteen students who study in a university in a non-Muslim county where there are no mosques. Friday is a workday when we have classes to attend; what shall we do as our study continues for two years? He answered: “Performing Friday Prayer is a duty upon a male Muslim who is obligated to perform religious duties. Allah says: “O you who believe! When the call is proclaimed for the prayer on Friday, come to the remembrance of Allah, and leave off business. That is better for you if you did but know.” Al-Jum’a: 9.
The prophet also says: “Whoever leaves the Friday Prayer three times continuously on account of slackness, Allah will place a seal over his heart.” Sunan An-Nasa’i
There are some excuses for leaving the Friday Prayer such as travel, illness, or fear. Ibn Abbas (RAA) narrated that the prophet said: “If anyone hears him who calls for prayer and is not prevented from joining the congregation by any excuse,” (he was asked, what were the excuses? He replied: illness or fear) the prayer he offers will not be accepted from him.” Sunan Abi Dawood
Mature and male Muslims should do their best to perform the Friday Prayer. If it is difficult for any considered excuses, they must perform Ad-Dhuhr (noon) prayer. Those students, who ask me, must gather on Friday and perform the prayer as the Friday Prayer. Whoever cannot because of attending classes in those non-Muslim countries, is considered excused and must perform Ad-Dhuhr prayer.
Therefore, whoever leaves the Friday Prayer without being excused is on stake. He must observe it and not leave it on account of slacking. He must repent to Allah.
Moreover, if you and your friend or classmate are not busy attending classes, you can perform the Friday Prayer in the prayer room found in the university campus. One of you speaks and the other listens, and then, both of you pray two Rak’as of he Friday Prayer. This is the opinion of some scholars.